Why do we care about BDD – Body dysmorphic disorder? And what does it even mean?
We care about BDD because it can cause people severe emotional distress and stop people living a happy healthy life. It can affect all kinds of people, men and women, but teenagers and young adults are more at risk of developing it – especially as they are more susceptible to the pressures of social media and peers. Any body part can be a focus. People working in the cosmetic /skin industry actually have higher rates of this problem than the rest of the population – so there’s another concerning fact.
It is a mental illness where a person is constantly worrying over a perceived or slight issue in their appearance. This then results in repetitive behaviours – constantly looking in mirrors or taking photos on their phones, and constantly comparing their appearance to others. Hours and hours of their day can be spent on this. They believe that an inconspicuous or non-existent physical attribute is a serious defect. They spend a lot of time trying to hide the apparently offending area. Sometimes that means not leaving home.
Of course there is a spectrum of severity. Some people can recognise that their feeling is an overreaction – are not rational or justified, while other people are almost delusional in their obsessions.
These behaviours can interfere with work or school, and friendships. It causes anxiety and depression. Suicide rates in this group are high. This is a serious problem and professionals, like myself are in an ideal situation to offer help and support.
Of course, I am not a psychologist but with a general practice background and being alert to the issue, I can organise referrals. I can also make sure I do not treat anyone unnecessarily who has BDD.
Saying “no” in a consultation can be hard and sometimes unpopular, but hopefully when delivered with care and combined with support and direction, it can be absolutely best practice.
If you know someone you think might be struggling with this, you could be the one to suggest that there is help for them. Their GP or a psychologist would be a great place to start.
– Dr Kathryn Holmes